1. 查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像

$ sudo docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   8922                [OK]
mariadb                           MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3135                [OK]
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   659                                     [OK]
percona                           Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   462                 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   65
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link…   61                                      [OK]
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr…   59
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r…   41                                      [OK]
bitnami/mysql                     Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      35                                      [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se…   34
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup…   28                                      [OK]
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              23                                      [OK]
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   22
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   17
circleci/mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   16
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be…   14
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      13                                      [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image…   6
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas…   4                                       [OK]
genschsa/mysql-employees          MySQL Employee Sample Database                  3                                       [OK]
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici…   2
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                2                                       [OK]
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta…   1
monasca/mysql-init                A minimal decoupled init container for mysql    0
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl…   0                                       [OK]

2. 选择centos 7下的 mysql-57

$ sudo docker pull centos/mysql-57-centos7

3. 创建mysql数据库目录

$ sudo mkdir /data/mysql57
$ sudo chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql57
$ sudo chcon system_u:object_r:mysqld_db_t:s0 /data/mysql57

4. 使用mysql镜像

$ sudo docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql57 \
--volume=/data/mysql57/:/var/lib/mysql/data/ \
--restart=always \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d centos/mysql-57-centos7

5. 连接docker mysql

$ sudo docker exec -ti -u root mysql57 bash